Wandering or ectopic spleen is a rare congenital or acquired abnormality due to a defect in the anatomical fixity of the spleen with the surrounding organs. A 15 years old patient was taken to the operative room for an explorative laparotomy due to abdominal pain and a pelvic spleen at preoperative computed tomography. Rajendra prasad government medical college, kangra, india authors address. Jan 15, 2014 wandering spleen or hypermobile spleen results from the elongation or maldevelopment of the spleens suspensory ligaments. Sep 10, 2008 a wandering spleen is a rare but wellknown entity. Use filters to find rigged, animated, lowpoly or free 3d models. The imaging presentations of a wandering spleen include absence of the spleen in the left. Easwaramoorthy ms frcsglas frcs edin frcseng applied anatomy. Wandering spleen definition of wandering spleen by medical. Little has been published on the subject in the current literature.
A rare diagnosis with variable presentation wandering spleen is a rare clinical condition found in less that 0. The spleen is delivered to the midline by means of blunt and sharp dissection of the areolar plane between the kidney and the pancreas. Although it may seem dispensable as it is possible to live without it, the spleen is constantly. The spleen has a fundamental role in chinese medicine. There are 3 different surgical procedures to remove the spleen.
Filters abnormal red cells splenunculi accessory spleen. Diagnosis is most commonly made between ages 20 and 40 years and is more common in. In man the spleen starts forming at the end of the first month of fetal life in the mesenchyma, under the dorsal mesentery. With the spleen retracted medially, the phrenicocolic ligament is incised. Aug 05, 20 wandering spleen is a very rare defect characterized by the absence or weakness of one or more of the ligaments that hold the spleen in its normal position in the upper left abdomen.
Feb 27, 2019 please use one of the following formats to cite this article in your essay, paper or report. Splenopexy surgically fixing the floating spleen is associated. This patient was later found to have a lymphoproliferative disorder with hypersplenism, which caused her massively enlarged spleen to rotate on its vascular pedicle and wander in her abdomen, causing the abdominal mass. Areas of the liver and spleen where the tracer collects in large amounts show up as bright spots in the pictures. Flows for life handson health aims to introduce the awareness of a dynamic method of self help based on a universal art called jin shin jyutsu. He has maintained an interest in splenic pathology, particularly lymphomas involving the spleen, for many years.
Patapis 3rd department of surgery, national and kapodistrian university of athens, medical school, attikon university hospital of athens, greece abstract tumors of the spleen are rare compared to the incidence of such tumors in other parenchymatous organs. Spleen birte steiniger, university of marburg, marburg, germany the spleen is a secondary lymphoid organ present in all vertebrates. Wandering spleen is a rare condition characterized by splenic hypermobility due to laxity or absence of its suspensory ligaments. Acute abdomen due to torsion of the wandering spleen in a. It moves through the blood to the liver and spleen. Wandering spleen or hypermobile spleen results from the elongation or maldevelopment of the spleens suspensory ligaments. Available in any file format including fbx, obj, max, 3ds, c4d. Wandering spleen genetic and rare diseases information.
It is a rare clinical entity that mainly affects children. The spleen, a spongy, soft organ about as big as a persons fist, is located in the upper left part of the abdomen, just under the rib cage. Please use one of the following formats to cite this article in your essay, paper or report. Wandering spleen article about wandering spleen by the free.
The splenic artery brings blood to the spleen from the heart. In 1992, the youngest case of the literature of torsion of wandering spleen at two days of birth was. Case report torsion of wandering spleen involving the pancreatic tail. Get a printable copy pdf file of the complete article 1. We present a case of wandering spleen in a young nulliparous female with an. Patient symptomatology is variable and ranges from mere feeling of an abdominal lump to sudden abdominal pain due to infarction. The spleen is encased in a thick connectivetissue capsule. It is an anatomoclinical entity most often described in children, but rare in adults. A spleen is removed in a surgical procedure called a splenectomy. The spleen sits behind and is protected by your ribs.
Wandering spleen is a rare clinical entity in itself, with only 2 cases reported thus far when correlated with congenital underdevelopment of the kidney, it usually happens due to. The incidence is spleen is the major complication of an abnormally mobile spleen, the wandering spleen. Spleen can have a wide range of anomalies including its shape, location, number, and size. Wandering spleen definition of wandering spleen by. Removal of the spleen does not cure the disease although it slows the progress. Patients may have subacute to chronic abdominal or gastrointestinal complaints. Torsion of a wandering spleen presenting as acute abdomen narvir singh chauhan1abcdef, satish kumar2abdef 1 department of radiodiagnosis, dr. This abdominal mass could easily have been mistaken on the pet image for a malignant process instead of a. Wandering spleen, which is defined as a spleen without peritoneal attachments, is a rare disease and a delay in the clinical andor radiological diagnosis may lead to splenic torsion, infarction.
The spleen is the largest organ of your lymphatic system, a subdivision of the immune system. By filtering blood, the spleen also recycles senescent and damaged erythrocytes. Wandering spleen ws is a rare condition where the spleen, free from its ligaments, is allowed to move inside the abdomen predisposing the patient to lifethreatening complications due to torsion. It is structurally complex and has a number of different functions such as immunological monitoring of bloodborne antigens, storage of. In the other, it was the second episode and a firm midabdominal mass was found. Rajendra prasad government medical college tanda campus, kangra. The first description of this entity is attributed to van horne, a dutch physician in 1667 with confirmation by autopsy. The wandering spleen is a condition in which the spleen is not found in its usual location or orientation in the left upper quadrant. Wandering spleen or pelvic spleen is a rare medical disease caused by the loss or weakening of the ligaments that help to hold the spleen stationary. A healthy rat spleen will be crushed with cell strainers to create a homogenous, single cell suspension.
Wandering spleen, whether it is a condition with which a baby is born congenital form or is the result of multiple births in women or some sort of accident that may affect men and women acquired form, is an extremely rare disorder. Wandering spleen is a rare condition in which the spleen migrates from its usual anatomical position, commonly to the lower abdomen or pelvis. Due to the position of the spleen and long pedicle it is more liable for trauma and torsion. The spleen also clears bacteria and is important for proper immune function, especially in fighting bacteria. In one, the onset was sudden and, on physical examination, a mass was felt in the left hypochondrium. It holds key components of the bodys immune system. Apr 25, 2012 wandering spleen is a rare condition that occurs when the spleen lacks one or more of the ligments that hold the spleen in its normal position in the upper left abdomen. The pathogenesis of a wandering spleen is related to embryological absence or acquired laxity of the supporting splenic ligaments, particularly the gastrosplenic.
The spleen university of tennessee college of medicine. Spleen introduction information on the following lesions is available in this section. Bridget wilkins is a clinical senior lecturer in pathology at southampton university and an honorary consultant histopathologist for the southampton university hospitals nhs trust. Wandering spleen and splenic torsion associated with upper.
In humans it is about the size of a fist and is well supplied with blood. It is structurally complex and has a number of different functions such as immunological monitoring of bloodborne antigens, storage of blood and destruction of aged or abnormal blood cells. Wandering spleen is a rare condition with an estimated 0. Wandering spleen is also called displaced spleen, drifting spleen, splenoptosis, floating spleen, or splenic ptosis. A liver and spleen scan is a nuclear scan that is done to look at these organs for disease. Fewer than 500 cases of wandering spleen have been reported in the medical literature. Mar 31, 2020 the spleen is a secondary lymphoid organ. The spleen is a fistsized organ in the upper left side of your abdomen, next to your stomach and behind your left ribs. Although most of these anomalies are congenital, there are also acquired types. The anatomy and embryology of the spleen are well described in standard texts on those subjects 1. Splenectomy was previously advocated as the treatment of choice, though recent reports suggest that the organ may be distorted, and splenopexy performed. In som e countries, chemotherapy is used to induce remission and prolong life in lymphoid, blood and mast cell cancers.
A torted wandering spleen is a rare clinical occurrence with fewer than 500 cases reported and an incidence of less than 0. The spleen helps keep harmful microorganisms out of the bloodstream. Open splenectomy your surgeon makes an incision vertically along your abdomen, then locates the spleen separates it from its attachments and blood supply and removes it. Torsion of a wandering spleen with whorled appearance of the. The spleen is removed while you are under general anesthesia. Areas of the liver and spleen where the tracer collects in large amounts show up as bright spots in the. Laparoscopic splenectomy is the typical method used for spleen removal. Wandering spleen is a rare entity that results from the absence or maldevelopment of the ligaments that support the spleen in its normal. Epidemiology wandering spleen is rare, with a reported incidence of sep 14, 2017 wandering spleen is an extremely rare birth defect in which there is complete absence or weakness of the ligaments which holds the spleen together in its normal anatomical position in the upper left abdomen. Torsion of a wandering spleen with whorled appearance of. The surgeon and the spleen itp low platelet, normal bone marrow, abscess of other causes increased platelet destruction mediated by autoantibodies to platelet membrane antigens that results in platelet phagocytosis by the spleen 72% pts 10yrs are. During a liver and spleen scan, a radioactive tracer substance is put into a vein iv in the arm. Some wonder friends were wondering about the spleen and that made us wonder, too. As the lymph nodes are filters for the lymphatic circulation, the spleen is the primary filtering element.
The wandering spleen is a specific clinical syndrome which should be. The suspension of splenocytes will then be introduced to a decellularized spleen, via injection into the splenic artery. How the spleen keeps blood healthy national institutes. Wandering spleen nord national organization for rare. Acquired wandering spleen may occur during adulthood due to injuries or other underlying conditions. As implied by the term wandering, the spleen may be found in unusual locations commonly the lower abdomen or pelvis due to gravity, and present as a lower.
The spleen is an organ that lies behind the stomach on the left side of the abdomen. Wandering spleen is a very rare defect characterized by the absence or weakness of one or more of the ligaments that hold the spleen in its normal position in the upper left abdomen. The story of the spleen thank you for reading the bloodhungry spleen. The surgeon and the spleen itp low platelet, normal bone marrow, abscess of other causes increased platelet destruction mediated by autoantibodies to platelet membrane antigens that results in platelet phagocytosis by the spleen 72% pts 10yrs are female, 70% of affected females less than 40yrs.
Know the causes, symptoms, treatment of wandering spleen. In this way, the spleen stimulates the maturation and activation of lymphocytes. The spleen has a special place in my heart lubdubb because it was my first book published at a major house, candlewick press. The article presents two cases of wandering spleen in the pediatric age group. Blood leaves the spleen through the splenic vein, which drains into a larger vein the portal vein that carries the blood to the liver. Wandering spleen was first described in children by jozef dietl in 1854. Spleen definition is a highly vascular ductless organ that is located in the left abdominal region near the stomach or intestine of most vertebrates and is concerned with final destruction of red blood cells, filtration and storage of blood, and production of lymphocytes. Bloodhungry spleen curriculum guide 4406 page 2 of 7 introduction.
Abnormal mobility of the spleen is secondary to either 4 hyperlaxity or congenital or acquired agenesis of the spleen suspense ligaments 28. If you do not see its contents the file may be temporarily unavailable at the journal website or you do not have a pdf plugin installed and enabled in your browser. The spleen extracts qi from the food we eat that is used by the body to build immunity wei qi, keep things moving freely stagnation. It, paired with the stomach, are the main organs of digestion and are responsible for digestion and distribution of food and nutrients throughout the body.
Its network of trabeculae, blood vessels and lymphoid tissue provides an environment in which white blood cells lymphocytes proliferate while old damaged red blood cells erythrocytes are recycled. Ive been writing poems pretty much since i could write. Because wandering spleen can cause lifethreatening complications such as splenic infarction, portal hypertension, and hemorrhage, surgery to remove the spleen is the preferred treatment method for patients. A read is counted each time someone views a publication summary such as the title, abstract, and list of authors, clicks on a figure, or views or downloads the fulltext. Wandering spleen is an extremely rare birth defect in which there is complete absence or weakness of the ligaments which holds the spleen together in its normal anatomical position in the upper left abdomen. Among adults, it is most commonly found in females of active reproductive age. It serves as a graveyard for old or flawed red blood cells oxygencarrying cells and as a storage site for blood and platelets essential for clotting.
Pdf file of the complete article 496k, or click on a page image below to. The spleen also removes unhealthy, old, and misshapen red blood cells from circulation. Congenital anomalies affecting the shape of spleen are lobulations, notches, and clefts. Wandering spleen is a rare condition that commonly presents with splenic infarction secondary to torsion. The spleen is an internal body organ located in the upper left part of your abdomen belly. Spleen, organ of the lymphatic system located in the left side of the abdominal cavity under the diaphragm, the muscular partition between the abdomen and the chest. Torsion of wandering spleen with infarction cureus.
The white pulp is lymphoid tissue that usually surrounds splenic blood vessels. Wandering spleen is rare, with a reported incidence of wandering spleen can be an elusive diagnosis as its presentation is greatly variable and intermittent torsion can cause nonspecific signs and symptoms. Full text is available as a scanned copy of the original print version. Inside, the mass of splenic tissue is of two types, the red pulp and the white pulp, which do not separate into regions but intermingle and are distributed throughout the spleen. If a person is born with this condition it is referred to as congenital wandering spleen. Overview of the spleen blood disorders merck manuals. Applied anatomy 150 gms 9 th, 10 th,11 th rib tail of pancreas, stomach, colon, lt. This website is intended for pathologists and laboratory personnel, who understand that medical information is imperfect and must be interpreted using reasonable medical judgment. Wandering spleen is a rare condition that occurs when the spleen lacks one or more of the ligments that hold the spleen in its normal position in the upper left abdomen.
Rajendra prasad government medical college, kangra, india 2 department of surgery, dr. The first description of this entity is attributed to van horne, a dutch physician in 1667 with. Wandering spleen with gastric volvulus and intestinal nonrotation in an adult male patient. The red pulp is a network of splenic cords cords of billroth and sinusoids. Wandering spleen or pelvic spleen is a rare medical disease caused by the loss or. Wandering spleen occurs due to defect in the formation of the lienorenal ligament, the most stabilizer of splenic position which allows for abnormal mobility of the spleen with long splenic vascular pedicle. This means that the spleen filters blood and presents foreign particles antigens to the lymphocytes it houses. If you could see your spleen, it would be about the same size and shape as your fist. Wandering spleen with partial torsion radiology case.
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